Participation is a phenomenon that can be described as contributing to decisions, actions, and involvement of individuals in collective situations, which works to fulfill the objectives of groups. This phenomenon has specific conditions in Iran due to the presence of different ethnic and religious groups, and the synergy and cooperation of different groups of the population play an essential role in the formation of participation. The Iran-Iraq War is a significant part of Iranian history, and the motivation of different groups of people for participating in this war is worth being examined. Zoroastrians were among minority religious groups who participated in the war. Based on Talcott Parsons’ action theory, the present descriptive-analytical study thus investigated Zoroastrians’ motivations and intellectual and cultural backgrounds for participating in the Iran-Iraq War. The findings revealed that the cultural system of Zoroastrianism and a sense of duty and personal satisfaction among Zoroastrians motivated them to perform the action of participating in the war.